An outbreak of tuberculosis (TB) has occurred in migrant shelters in Chicago, following a measles outbreak among migrants. The Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) has reported a “small number” of TB cases at various shelters, but specific details have not been disclosed. Medical teams are actively addressing the issue, as TB is a bacterial infection that affects the lungs. Currently, there have been over 55 million confirmed cases of TB in Chicago, with the majority reported at the Pilsen migrant shelter.
The CDPH stated that there have been a few TB cases reported in multiple shelters during the response. It is important to note that while 10% to 20% of the population in Central and South America has latent TB, which is asymptomatic and non-contagious, a positive TB test can still result. However, antibiotics can effectively cure TB, and it is not considered infectious. Close and prolonged contact between individuals is typically necessary for the disease to spread.
The CDPH estimates that around 100-150 cases of TB are diagnosed in Chicago residents annually. While they continue to treat affected individuals and take proper precautions to prevent the spread of measles, they do not consider this outbreak a significant public health risk.
Chicago alderman Raymond Lopez has voiced his concerns about the outbreak, stating that it could have been prevented if migrants were required to follow the same vaccination rules as American citizens. According to Lopez, many migrants come with children who attend schools without being required to receive vaccinations. He believes that this puts these individuals, families, and communities at risk.
The BCG vaccine, also known as the Measles TB vaccine, is commonly given to infants and small children in countries where TB is prevalent. However, its effectiveness in preventing TB is not always guaranteed, as stated by University of Chicago associate professor of medicine Aniruddha Hazra. Hazra argues that the vaccine is not truly effective, and outbreaks often occur in close quarters among close neighbors. While he advises the public not to panic, he does express some concerns.
It is worth noting that the CDC reported a decade-high number of U.S. TB cases in 2023, with 9,615 cases reported. This marked an increase of 1,295 cases compared to 2013.
Overall, the outbreak of TB in migrant shelters in Chicago is a concerning issue that requires immediate attention. While efforts are being made to address the situation, it highlights the importance of vaccination and prevention measures. Public health officials and medical teams are working diligently to treat affected individuals and prevent further spread of the disease.