Agnikul, an Indian space startup, has successfully launched its first sub-orbital test vehicle, named Agnibaan SOrTeD (Sub-Orbital Technology Demonstrator), using its unique 3D-printed rocket engines. The launch took place at the Satish Dhawan Space Center on Sriharikota island after four delays due to technical glitches. The data collected from this test flight will contribute to the development of Agnikul’s Agnibaan commercial orbital launch vehicle.
The Agnibaan SOrTeD is a single-stage launch vehicle made of carbon composite, with a liftoff mass of 1,268 lbs. At the heart of this vehicle is the 3D-printed semi-cryogenic engine, which provides 6.2 kN of thrust. Agnikul prides itself on its unique manufacturing process, which allows them to 3D print rocket engines in one piece, without the need for welding or tightening. This process significantly reduces the time it takes to create a rocket engine compared to traditional methods.
While other companies like Relativity Space and Rocket Lab have also adopted 3D printing for their rockets, Agnikul claims to offer a more flexible and configurable approach to space travel. CEO Srinath Ravichandran believes that their technology allows for tailor-made solutions and avoids the need for rideshare services or relying on others for launches.
Agnikul faced several challenges during the development of its rocket engine. They chose inconel as the material for the engine design due to its strength at high temperatures and 3D printability. However, removing heat from the alloy proved to be a significant challenge, requiring multiple iterations of designing cooling channels. Additionally, Agnikul aimed to ensure the vehicle’s safety by avoiding solid-fuel systems and instead opting for a completely liquid propulsion-based system.
The startup has designed its vehicle to be easily modifiable, even at the last minute, offering a tailor-made solution for organizations looking to launch small satellites. Agnikul went through numerous iterations and spent months perfecting its engines, receiving assistance from retired scientists from the Indian Space Research Organisation and researchers from IIT Madras.
India’s space sector has been gaining global attention, with the country becoming the first to land a spacecraft on the lunar south pole. The Indian government has introduced policies to boost private participation in the space sector, attracting around 190 space tech startups. Agnikul’s successful launch is a significant milestone for Indian space startups as they demonstrate their technologies and prepare to generate revenues from customers worldwide. The startup is already in talks with over 40 potential customers, and letters of intent have been signed with some. However, an orbital launch of the Agnibaan will still take some time.
Overall, Agnikul’s successful launch of its sub-orbital test vehicle showcases the potential of 3D-printed rocket engines and highlights India’s growing presence in the global space sector. With its unique manufacturing process and modular design, Agnikul is well-positioned to cater to the increasing demand for small satellite launches.