Kenworth, an American truck maker, has taken a unique approach to designing its SuperTruck 2. Instead of relying solely on virtual reality technology like many other automakers, Kenworth’s engineers were immersed in a virtual world where they played movies like “Judge Dredd” and “Blade Runner 2049” on repeat. The executives instructed them to create a truck that fits in that futuristic setting. The result is the cyber-est class 8 truck yet, developed as part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s public-private partnership to create more efficient freight haulers.
The goal of the SuperTruck 2 project was to achieve a 50% increase in freight efficiency compared to a 2009 baseline. In Kenworth’s case, the baseline was a Kenworth T680 tractor. The ultimate goal was to achieve a total of 100% improvement over the 2009 floor. Freight efficiency refers to the weight efficiency of the truck rather than just miles per gallon. A lighter tractor-trailer can carry more weight before reaching the legal maximum on most U.S. highways.
Kenworth claims to have achieved a remarkable 136% improvement in freight efficiency compared to the 2009 T660. This accomplishment was made possible by several advancements, including a 55.7% increase in engine efficiency from the Paccar MX-11 diesel mild hybrid and Paccar TX-12 automatic transmission. Additionally, there was a 48% improvement in aerodynamic efficiency and a reduction of 7,100 pounds in the weight of the tractor-trailer combination, allowing for increased hauling capacity. The SuperTruck achieves an average of 12.8 miles per gallon, which is a significant improvement considering most truck fleet operators are happy with double-digit fuel efficiency.
The key technologies that contribute to these advancements include the 48-volt mild hybrid system, which drives ancillaries like the engine fan, power steering, HVAC pumps, and exhaust heater. This system significantly reduces energy consumption, with the engine fan alone capable of draining 80 horsepower. The chassis design also plays a role, featuring splayed rails at the front to lower the engine between the rails and behind the front axle. This design enables a lower front end, reducing drag. The hood and fairings are mounted to the cab, moving as one unit, further improving aerodynamics. The air suspension on the trailer can also raise and lower the combination to reduce drag. The use of 10 tires with lower rolling resistance instead of the traditional 18 tires reduces fuel consumption and allows for a smaller fuel tank.
Inside the SuperTruck 2, there are similarities to the Tesla Semi, including a central seating position and a 15-inch screen. However, Kenworth has made adjustments to cater specifically to over-the-road trucking. The sleeper features innovative elements like a dinette area with a rotating table and a Murphy bed. Additionally, when the driver shuts down, a lithium-ion battery charged by regenerative braking supplies overnight power needs.
Despite the impressive advancements showcased in the SuperTruck 2, there are still questions about how much of this technology can be commercialized and how soon. While it may not be feasible for these exact features to make it to the road in the near future, Kenworth took production into account during development. The company believes it has taken a systematic approach to creating a futuristic yet relevant vehicle with technologies that have the potential to be refined and commercialized.
In conclusion, Kenworth’s SuperTruck 2 represents a significant leap forward in freight efficiency and trucking technology. The combination of advancements in engine efficiency, aerodynamics, weight reduction, and innovative interior design sets this truck apart from its competitors. While it may be some time before we see these exact features on the road, Kenworth’s approach to developing relevant and commercializable technology ensures that the transportation industry is moving towards a more efficient and sustainable future.